Automatic intermittent projectinq machine



.T 1. w. BILUNGS.

AUTOMATIC INTERMITTENT PROJECTING MACHlNE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27.1916.

9 1 0a 11 T 4H N" l 5 N d me 2 8 t a D IIEIIIIIIIIIIIIITHH Mull-"NW Fig-2..

l/v VENT'OR: JIM-BILLING:

l. W. BILLINGS.

AUTOMATIC mnnmmm PROJECT-INS mama.

APPLiCATHHI FILED NOV.2I.19l6.

1,321,003. Patented Nov. 4, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. H .J.

Mus/v71. R: J. WBILLINGS 'impulse of the current entering sand resist-- arrangement and combination of elements UN 1' ED STATES? PATENT OFFICE.

Joan w. Bnmmes,

OF UNION, IOWA.

AUTOMATIC INTEBKIT'I'ENT PBOJEC TING-MAGHINE.

Application filed To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J cm! W. Bmmuos, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Union, Hardin county, Iowa, have invented a. new and useful Automatic Intermittent Projectin MMhlllG, .of which the following is a speci cation. The object of this invention is to prov de an improved construction for, a. projecting machine in which a. series .0 sheets or films are automatically and suecessively presented in osition for proiecw tion by the projecting. evices. V 'A further object o this invention 1s to proyide im' roved means for automatically] and successively projectingv a serieso ijmagesonascreen.

A, further object of this invention is to provide an electrically, con rolled mechanism for automatically and intermittently presenting a succession of film members for, projection of es thereof; p

A iurth utilize a closed-circ litthermostat to nately break and'make a. circuit resistance member and thereby intermittently energize e solenoid to me ts certain mechanical devices for steppin g iorward at film or slide carrier, and su ively disXlay items carried thereby. y further object ofthis invention is to utilize the action of the armature of a solenoid coil tooperate a film or slide carrier, said coil being balanced to a. resistance member in a circuit alternately opened an closed, whereby said coil is energized by the ance member.

A further provide an automaticall ot-ting device which she lbe simple and mcxpensive of construction and operation, and practically noiseless in operation.

My invention consists in the construction,

object otthis invention is to intermittent prohcreinaftcr set forth. pointed out in my claims and illu trated by the accompanying drawing. in which-- Figure l is a side elevation of my improved device, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail view on an enlarged scale of the mechanical means for operating the film or slide carrier and the solenoid coil for actuating said mechanical means, as well as Specification of Letters mm.

slides, plates, 1

.fore housi 1mg housing 10 toward corner of said lam housing,

through, it

' locsited at one fore housing Patented Nov. 4, 1919.

November 27, 1916. Serial lilo. 133,541.

the means vices. Fig. slide carrier,

for edjustably mounting said do- 4 is an elevation of a film or and Fig. 5 is an edge view of the'same. Fig. 6 is a detail elevation, partly 1n section, of the thermostatic circuitbreaker employed to control the operation of the device.

In the construction .of the device as hown "thennmeral 10 desi nates a. lamp housing 0? sheet n ietel and provided ivit =1; hinged door 11 in one side.

"ng 18 terms an extension of the and is hinged reicrabl crowd a hook 14 being provided {at the opposite side to hold sgi d iorehousing' in contact with the .lanip housi'ri' gi' 'rhe'fore housing '12 is open at its rear' and access maybe had thereto by relcz'ts 'th'e hook v14 and swinging from the lamp housing, The fore housing 12 'is relatively short exsaid housing away tension or film'housinglo at its forward side, which filmhousin isprovided with a inged door lfi inj its ront wall.

projecting la mp 17 is mounted in the lamp ho nsin and is adopted to he illumimuted throu'conductors 18 forming a Cit" cuit with a. suitable source of electrical energy (not shown). A condensing lens 19 of common form is mounted in the front wall of the lam housing in front of the project ing lamp 1 said mcmberspreferably bein side of the median line 0? said housing. A projecting lens 20 of any common or suitable construction is slidably mounted in front ofthe housings, in this instance being mountcd on a track 21 formed of rods sl'rdahle and adapted to be telescopcd within the base of the housing. In this mannor the lens device 20 may catcd at the desired position in front of the housing. and the track may be compacte and positioned out of the way when the device is not in use. The front wall of the 12 is formed with a mat opening or slot 22 (Fig. 3) in alinement with the lenses 19., 20. and the front wall of the film housing; 15 is provided with a similar opening (not shown).

A shaft 23 is mounted horizontally through and for rotation in the central portion of the front wall of the fore housing: 1". and a ratchet \vhuvl fll is fixed to the {Wu inc ting! rear end portion of mi l Aloft n mlyus-tat 13 to one be suitably lo? lratchet whee tion of the pawl 29. I have shownthe arma- 'ture 32 as formed with an enlarged head 83 lug plate 25 preferably is mounted parallel with and at the rear of the front wall of the fore housing 12, and is pivoted on the shaft 23. An adjusting screw 26 is threaded through a bearing 27 formed on the housinn' l2 and said screw engages and is adapter to adjust the position of the plate 25 by manual operation. A lever 28 is fulcrumed at one end on the projecting rear end of the shaft 23 and extends laterally across the plate A pawl 29 is pivoted on the lever and engages and is adapted to operate the ratchet wheel 24 at times, a sprin 30 being rovided between said pawl and ever to hol said pawl in engagement with said ratchet wheel. A solenoid coil 31 is mounted on and carried by the plate 25 and is formed with a hollow core through which an armature 32 is vertically movable, said armature being attracted and moved upwardly when the coil is energized by the passage of an. electric current therethrou 'h. The free end of the lever 28 overlies an is adapted to be moved upwardly by the mnature 32, to the end of step ing forwarder turning the 24 one step through the acadapted to engage the upper end of the coil 31 and limit downward movement of said armature, and said head preferably is conncctcd with the free endof the lever 28 to prevent displacement of th parts. A stop screw 34 is threaded through a lug 35 carried by the plate 25, and said screw isadjustable toward or away fmm the pawl 29 to limit the movement of said pawl and insuie proper action to move the ratchet wheel 24 one step and one stc only at each impulse of the armature. 1 bar 36 is pivoted at one end on the shaft 23 and extends downwardly and laterally and is formed with a slot 37. An adjusting screw 38 pames through the slot 37 and is seated in the plate 25, by which the end of the bar 36 may be adjusted laterally of the vertical plane of the shaft 23. A detent 39 is pivoted on the bar 36 and engages the ratchet wheel 24, being held in position by a s ring 40 secured to the bar and detent, and t ms an adjustable timing or holding device is provided to properly position the ratchet wheel after each impulse. The-stop 3t and timing device 39 may be separately adjusted by the means described, and the entire operating mechanism, including the coil 31, lever 28 and pawl 29, together with the stop and timing devices, may be adjusted together by opcrationof the screw 26 to adjust the position of the plate 25.

A film or slide carrier 41 (shown particularly in Figs. 4 and 5) is provided, and is formed with an aperture 42 in its center by which it may be remov'ably mounted on the forward end of the shaft 23 for rotation with said shaft. clamping plate 4-3 is mounted on the. shaft 23 in front of the carrier -11 and a nut 44 is screwed on the end of sai shaft and holds the. plate carrier thereon. The carrier 41 preferably is disk shape and carries radially arranged films, slides, plates orsheets 45, each bearing printed or pictorial matter which it is desired to project u on a screen. The slides or plates 45 may e separately formed and remorably and replaceably mounted in seats provided therefor in the carrier 41, as shown; or the carrier itself may be formed of transparent material such as celluloid and the items or things to be projected may be printed or otherwise' impressed directly upon said carrier. The slides or plates 4-3 are adapted to be successively presented before the mat openings 22, for projection on a screen by the projecting devices, and such movement or succession of the objects to be projected is accomplished by the step-by-step rotation of the shaft 23 through the action of the armature, lever, and devices previously described.

Conductors 46 form a shunt circuit from the main circuit formed by the conductors 18, and in said shunt circuit is arranged a metal filament resistance lamp 47 mounted within the lamp lions-in 10. he conductors 46 extend within tie fore housing 12 and are connected with the solenoid coil 31, whereby said coil is in the same shunt circuit with the resistance lamp or member 47. The solenoid coil 31 is wound to balance the resistance of the filament of the lam) 47, or so arran d that the resistance 0 the windin of t io coil is equal to the resistance afforded by said lcsistance member, so that normally when the current is flowing through and has heated said resistance member the coil is not affected and is not ener ized. A thermostat, indicated generally y the humeral 48 and shown'in detail in Fig. 6, is arranged in the shunt circuit of the resistance member 47 and the coil 31, and is mounted within the fore housing 12. The thermostat 48 comprises a base 4!), heads 50, 51 carried thereby and supporting a core formed of two strips 52, 53 of metal having different expansive qualities. and a coil 54 surrounding said core, together with a contact member 55 carried by said core and contacting normally with a contact member 56 mounted on the base 4-9. The head 50 and the contact member 56 are provided with common means for securing end portions of the conductors 46,'wl-1ereby the device is normally in and forms a part of the shunt circuit, which is normally closed, through said thermostat. When an electric current is permitted to How through the shunt circuit formed by the conductors 46, and passes through the the thermostat is heated and caused to expawl and ratchet coil 54, the core of pand, and as the strips 52, 53 expand differently, and the strip 52 more than the strip 53, the core is bowed or beat upwardly in its central portions, its ends bem held by the heads 50, 51, and the result is that the contact between the members 55, 56 is broken, thus breaking the circuit. Such breaking of the circuit causes a'coolin of the coil 5-L and core, and as the core cools it resumes its normal straight position, and the contact member 55 again comes into contact with the member 56, thus reestablishing the shunt circuit. In thismanner the circuit is alternately made and brokcn,-

thus alternately turning the current on and oil relative to the resistance member or lamp 47. When the shunt circuit is closed through the operation of the thermostat due to the small resistance of the unheated metal filament of the lamp 47, there will be a sudden rush of current, the amperage being sufficient to energize the solenoid coil,

to attract the armature and operate the mechanical devices. Since the resistance of the metal filament increases rapidly with the temperature, the current will decrease rapidly and the low ampere that thus results is not sufiic-ient to energize the solenoid and the armature will be released prior to the breaking of the shunt circuit throu h i the operation of the thermostat. As t e solenoid coil is nicely balanced as to footage and turns of wire to correspond to the resistance afforded by the metal filament of the -resistance lamp, it is apparent that the coil is energized only momentarily at each closing operation of the thermostat, or only long enough to give an upward impulse to the armature, and, its work having been accomplished, it is quickly dciinergized irrespective and independently of the action of t 1e thermostat.

In practical use a film carrier is mounted on the shaft 23 as described, and the slides or plates 45 are moved successively into position for rojec-tion of their images, b the action of the devices above described. hlach image remains on the screen for a sufiicient length of time to accomplish the object sought, such length of time being determined by the frequency of the operation of the thermostat 48. The device so constructed and operated is particularly adapted for the projection of advertising matter in a store, store window, theater or form of films or plates may be employed hearing the printed or pictorial matter to be displayed, and. any form of carrier may be employed therefor.

The device so constructed permits and provides a continuously lighted projecting lamp, and the entire apparatus is operated by a single service cord;

I claim as my invention 1. Ina projecting machine have a film member mounted for rotation, projecting devices, mechanical means for imparting step-by-step rotary motion to said film-mum her, an electric cireuit, and a solenoid coil in said circuit having an armature adapted to actuate said mechanical meansy-a con trolling mechanism comprising a thermostat arranged in said circuit-adapted to alternately break and make the circuit, and a; metal filament resistance lamp in said circuit and adapted to rapidly decrease the current therethrough after each inn-pulse and thus deenergize said solenoid previous to the breaking of said circuit thmugh the action of the thermostat. i

2. In a projecting machine having a film member mounted for rotation, projecting devices, a main electric circuit connected with said projecting devices, mechanical means for iii-parting step-by-step rotary motion to said film member, and a solenoid coil having an armature adapted to actuate said mechanical means' a controlling mechanism comprising a shunt circuit connected with said main circuit, a thermostat arranged in said shunt circuit adapted to alternately break, and make the same, said solenoid also being in said shunt circuit, and a metal-filament resistance dam in said shunt circuit and adapted to rapi ly decrease the current therethrough after each impulse and thus dee'nergize said solenoid previous to the breaking of said shunt; circuit through the action of the thermostat.

3. In a projecting machine having a film member mounted for rotation, rojec-ting devices, an electric circuit, mechanical means for imparting step-by-stcp rotary motion to said film member, and a solenoid coil in said circuit having an armature adapted to actuate said mechanical means; a controlling mechanism comprising a thermostat arranged in said circuit adapted to alternately break and make the circuit, and a metal-filament resistance lamp in said circuit adapted to rapidly decrease the current thcrethrough after each impulse and thus dei ncrgize said solenoid previous to the breaking of said circuit through the action of the thermostat, the resistance of said solenoid being balanced to correspond to the resistance of said resistance lamp.

4. The combination of an electro-magnet in circuit, a thermostat arranged in and adapted to alternately make and break said circuit, and a metal-filament resistance memher in said circuit adapted to be rapidly heater] after said circuit is closed, thus increasing the resistance sufiiciently to deenergize said magnet prior to the breaking of the circuit through the action of the thermo- 5. The combination of an electric circuit, an electro-magnet in said circuit, a thermostat in and adapted to alternately make and break said circuit, and a metal-filament re-i a very brief time end'prior to the breakin of the circuit through the action of sai thermostat.

6. The coinbinntion of an electric circuit, a. device to be operated contm ously thereby, a

shunt circuit connected with said main circuit, an electro-mngnct in said shunt circuit ada ined to actuate a second device intermittent a thermostat in and adapted to alternstcly make and break said shunt circuit, and

a. ,metal filament resistance lam in said shunt circuit adapted to be rapid y heated aftetsaid circuit is closed, thus increasin the resistance sufficiently to deiincrgize sai magnet prior to the breaking of the circuit through the action of said thermostat.

Signed by me at Grimieli, Iowa, this 16th 30 dsycf November, 1916.,

' JOHN BILLINGS'.

Witnesses i v S. H. CROSBY, hflm xm L- 1 mm 

